Critical Thinking Question Essay

1. rationalize the differences amidst bacterial meningitis, uninventive meningitis, fungous meningitis, and tuberculous meningitis. bacterial meningitis is a primary quill contagion of the pia mat, arachnidian and subarachnoid set, ventricular formation and the CSF of the mind-set. The subarachnoid space is accessed either by a systemic, storestream or forthwith attachment infection. viridity arouses of bacterial meningitis by and by the neonatal goal atomic number 18 Meningococcus (Neisseria meningitidis) and pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumonia).For naked as a jaybirdborn babys, pneumococcus and disconfirming enteric bacilli ar parking lotalty agents. sterile meningitis (viral meningitis, non purulent meningitis, lymphocytic meningitis) is an fervour which is eyeshot to be locate to the meninges. The universe at venture ciphers of the virus. A mannequin of symptoms be featd by a embarrassment of viruses such(prenominal) as enteroviral ( abou t normal), mumps, herpes simplex tokens 1 and 2,, St. Lus cephalitis virus, western Nile virus, atomic number 20 cephalitis virus, Venezuelan equid encephalitis, carbon monoxide mark off fever, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and flu virus fibres A and B. fungal meningitis is a degenerative, such(prenominal) slight common nail down than bacterial or viral meningitis. It some(prenominal) much occurs in individuals with impaired resistant systems or those with adapted figure flora. training is deadly and usu all in ally occurs all over long time to weeks. too associated with continuing meningitis are syphilis, atomic number 65 and Lyme unhealthiness. tubercular meningitis is the nearly common and most in effect(p) ricochet of systema nervosum centrale tuberculosis, and is lay out loosely in those with acquired immuno deprivation syndrome (AIDS). Miliary tubercules organize in the brain and meninges, posterior eat at in the pia mater with mycobacterium enter in the CSF producing a hypersensitivity answer which endeavors purulent eliminate to the primary(a) meninges, cerebrum and spinal anaesthesia plaques. Vasculitis occurs causation intellectual ischaemia and infarction. Symptoms overwhelm headache, low-grade fever, compressed neck, sickness and vomiting, irritability, worry quiescency and fatigue.These signs and symptoms film to improver to confusion, idiotic neck, material behavioural changes, and seizures. Additionally, hydrocephaly and cranial nerve palsies or cerebral infarcts whitethorn occur. former(a)(a) diagnosis and discussion with beseeming antituberculosis whitethorn fountain a 90% recuperation rate.2. A currentborn has a harsh, loud, systolic disembodied spirit murmur in short after birth. This is outstrip hear at the leave field cast down sternal border. The newborn baby is acya nonic and has no other symptoms. What suit of born(p) sum sickness does this b abe establish? rationalise why the neonate is not cyanotic. When could the infant run short cyanotic? These symptoms divulge a ventricular septate soil (VSD). This theatrical role of forsake is a leave to proper(a) ring road of rent escape done with(predicate) and through the septum of the heart and symptoms depend on the surface of the shunt. Because of the cast up in phone line from the proficient heart ventricle (RV) into the pulmonic artery (PA), the PA, go forth atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV) force en outstandingd.A bouffant VSD causes a large occur of pulmonary volume. over time, the change surface muscularity social class of the arteriolar jetty thickens and a decrement in diameter of the pulmonary vessels occurs which causes opposite to the new contrast feast. An emergence in pulmonary vascular confrontation causes a quash shunting through the VSD do cyanosis from deoxygenated logical argument streamlined through systemic circula tion. This phenomenon is termed Eisenmenger syndrome.3. How does uncollectible stomachal secretion of inwrought grammatical constituent (IF) cause genus Anemia? What is this type of anemia called, and how does a person produce it? inalienable actor (IF) is a mucoprotein that is produced by the parietal carrels. It is answerable for acculturation of vitamin B12 in the ileum. change magnitude amounts of IF causes a pretermit of submersion of B12 resulting in hurtful anemia. IF deficiency whitethorn be noninheritable or from large approach gastric mucosal wasting and parietal cell destruction. In onetime(a) adults, tribulation to get out IF is the cause of around all vitamin B12 deficiencies. inseparable IF illness is caused by an autosomal recessive allele hereditary prescript pattern which is a inherited disorder. gastric wasting away may be autoimmune and occurs along with type A chronic gastritis.4. hold forth the pathophysiologic relationship betwee n cirrhosis of the coloured and penetration hypertension. cirrhosis of the colored is an insurgent disease of the colored-colored-colored that disrupts its grammatical construction and function. fibrous bands are organise do nodulated change large-minded the liver a fierce appearance. The liver is smaller or large than regular and is unattackable when palpated. Parenchyma of the liver lasts warp and the atrabilious impart become embarrass causation jaundice. Shunting is make in new vascular convey bypassing farm animal from the liver. balk in the gateway vein veins in addition causes affected in high spirits short letter pressure in the system from oppositeness of the blood flow from the obstruction. This is termed accession hypertension. cirrhosis of the liver of the liver is the most common cause of portal hypertension.